You can check the Blogger page type (index, item or archive) from JavaScript by adding this template code to the head section of your Blogger template:
<script type="text/javascript"> var blog_pageType = "<data:blog.pageType/>" ; </script>
You can then use the blog_pageType variable in your JavaScript whether it is inside the template code or a blog post:
<script type="text/javascript">
switch ( blog_pageType )
{
case "index":
document.write( "<p>Main Page</p>" );
break;
case "item":
document.write( "<p>Blog Post</p>" );
break;
case "archive":
document.write( "<p>Archive Page</p>" );
break;
}
</script>
Simple, neat and effective.